Canada’s vast geography and natural resources make it a crucial player on the world energy stage. A key issue for Canada as a whole, is establishing an efficient, clean, affordable, and resilient energy system. Understanding its energy policy landscape and the funding mechanisms in place is critical to chart a clear path toward decoupling economic growth from emissions.

The Canada Future Energy timeline examines developments from the global level down to Canada’s four most populous provinces, providing a snapshot of the energy sector in 2025 and the opportunities and challenges as we look forward to 2050, as well as highlighting the need for coordinated, collaborative action across jurisdictions.

The energy sector is Canada’s key to reaching the net zero emissions target by 2050, as it is currently responsible for the majority of its emissions. Energy is also a major driver of the Canadian economy, employing 285,600 people and accounting for 10.3% of the Gross Domestic Product in 2023.

Language, geography, and history have led to divergent approaches to producing, distributing and using energy. The current variation in policy priorities across the provinces and territories increases risk and complexity for private investment in energy projects and creates challenges in identifying a clear pathway to reach national net zero emissions. Increasing policy coordination across the country would support its internal energy distribution as well as its export projects that span between provinces, ensuring a more resilient and growing economy. It would increase certainty for the private sector, unlocking capital, driving innovation, and ensuring future fit jobs. It would also enable Canada to meet its commitments, lead on the world stage, and build healthier, more resilient communities.

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Canada Energy Legislation Timeline
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